Seismic Response Models and the AVO Simulation of Coal-Bearing Reservoirs

The presence of coal in complex structures featuring sandstone reservoirs seriously hinders reservoir characterization and the identification fluids subsurface formations. Coal can strongly obscure reflections from sandstone, easily leading to false bright spots during exploration; thus, their boundaries cannot be accurately described. Furthermore, layers intercalated with thin seams form composite reflections. Therefore, considering complexity coal-bearing together geological evolution actual logging data, this study systematically analyses seismic reservoirs. First, responses various models are established by evaluating multiple well logs target layer. Then, forward-simulating theoretical response comprising different lithological combinations established. Finally, attributes (such as amplitude, frequency phase) non-coal-bearing strata compared, typical summarized. A single-well model test a comparison between synthetic data confirm that numerical simulations used forward characteristics sand–coal models, thereby eliminating influences characterizing